Table 11. Linear mixed effect models results of the preceding vowel durations in the English group

Classification	Est.	SE	df	t-value	Pr (>|t|)
(Intercept)	54.92	3.57	17	15.35	2.26e–11***
Loc im-	4.66	4.31	51	1.08	0.284
un-	21.81	4.31	51	5.06	5.93e–06***
Loc im-: singleton	5.80	4.26	53	–1.36	0.180
Neg im-: singleton	–5.66	4.31	51	–1.31	0.195
un-: singleton	–6.81	4.31	51	–1.58	0.120

p<.001.